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having higher fear of failure. They are not different from the overall adult
population in terms of societal attitudes perception. Young adults exhibit
above average intention to start a business, with almost one fifth (19.5%) of
individuals not yet active as entrepreneurs expecting to enter the
entrepreneurial path. Unlike in case of youth, the young adults convert the
high overall entrepreneurial potential and above average intentions to start
a business also into the above average entrepreneurial activity (in 2013 the
level of TEA in age category 18 to 24 was 14.8%). Early stage entrepreneurs
from among young adults do not differ from overall adult population in
terms of industrial orientation, active innovations or foreign market
orientation, but they use the latest technologies slightly more. Overall, the
issue of inclusive entrepreneurship among young adults can be considered
favourable.
Women entrepreneurship
x
The
inclusion of women in entrepreneurial activity
in Slovakia has
significantly improved in last three years. The level of inclusive
entrepreneurship index in case of women has increased to 0.77, which is
slightly above European average and considerably above the average of V5
countries, where Slovakia exhibits the higher inclusion of women in
entrepreneurship. This positive progress is based on the decrease of
entrepreneurial activity in overall adult population and simultaneous
increase in entrepreneurial activity of women, but it might also result from
the influence of policies, programs and tools implemented by various formal
institutions and associations. On the other hand, the development of
established entrepreneurial activity
among women is problematic.
Their share is gradually decreasing and in 2013 it was lower than average of
European (by one third) and V5 (by one quarter) countries.
x
Entrepreneurial potential
of women exhibits an increasing tendency,
mainly thanks to improving self-confidence about own entrepreneurial skills
and decreasing fear of failure. Bad prospects for future business activities of
women, similarly to adult population, are determined by constantly
decreasing perception of opportunities that is considered as a key component
of entrepreneurial potential. The potential is also negatively affected by
perceptions of societal attitudes towards entrepreneurs and their status,
entrepreneurship as a good career choice, or media attention devoted to
entrepreneurship. On the other hand, the increasing rate of
entrepreneurial intentions
among women can be considered as positive.
x
As far as
regional perspective
is concerned, the highest rate of early-stage
entrepreneurs among entire women population is in Bratislava region, while
the fewest women start their businesses in Trencin region. The rate of
established business is the highest in Banska Bystrica region and the lowest
in Kosice region.