198
SRGQLNDWHĐVNpKR SURVWUHGLD QD 6ORYHQVNX $NR QD]QDþXM~ YêVOHGN\ QiãKR
VN~PDQLD SRGQLNDWHĐVNp SURVWUHGLH WYRUt YR YãHREHFQRVWL VN{U SUHNiåNX QHå
SRGSRUX SRGQLNDWHĐVNHM DNWLYLW\ .HćåH WRWR SURVWUHGLH GHILQXMH URYQDNê UiPHF SUH
YãHWN\ VNXSLQ\ FLWOLYRVĢ POiGHåH QD MHKR QHGRVWDWN\ EXGH ]UHMPH Y\ããLD QHå MH
WRPX Y SUtSDGH FHONRYHM GRVSHOHM SRSXOiFLH 7R QDSRYHGi R SRWUHEH D RSUiYQHQRVWL
Y\WYiUDQLD ãSHFLiOQ\FK QiVWURMRY D LQLFLDWtY QD SRGSRUX SRGQLNDQLD POiGHåH QD
6ORYHQVNX 1DSRNRQ SRVOHGQRX RWi]NRX Y WHMWR V~YLVORVWL P{åH E\Ģ SUDJPDWLFNi
~YDKD þL Y SUtSDGH þDVWL POiGHåH NWRUi VD QDFKiG]D HãWH SUHG YVWXSRP GR
HNRQRPLFN\ DNWtYQHKR åLYRWD P{åH E\Ģ SRGQLNDWHĐVNê SRWHQFLiO þL ]iPHU ]DþDĢ
SRGQLNDĢ RULHQWRYDQê YLDF GR EXG~FQD EH] ]iXMPX KR PRPHQWiOQH UHDOL]RYDĢ
QDSU ] G{YRGX SUHELHKDM~FHKR Y]GHOiYDQLD D SRG 9 WRPWR RNDPLKX MH YãDN
QXWQp XYDåRYDĢ QDG VS{VREPL DNR GHNODURYDQê SRWHQFLiO D ]iPHU SRGFK\WLĢ ćDOHM
UR]YtMDĢ D XPRåQLĢ KR UHDOL]RYDĢ Y PRPHQWH NHć VD YVWXS GR HNRQRPLFN\
DNWtYQHKR åLYRWD VWDQH DNWXiOQ\P
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URND Y SUtSDGH POiGHåH QD 6ORYHQVNX Y\ND]RYDOD Y VOHGRYDQRP REGREt Qt]NH
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SULURG]HQ~ VLWXiFLX NHćåH Y VNXSLQH Då URþQêFK MH YêUD]QH PHQãt SRGLHO
HNRQRPLFN\ DNWtYQ\FK MHGQRWOLYFRY NWRUt Y{EHF XNRQþLOL SUtSUDYX QD SRYRODQLH
YLDF QHå SUHG URNPL WHGD QDG KUDQLFRX SUHGVWDYXM~FRX YVWXS GR Ii]\
HWDEORYDQpKR SRGQLNDQLD
1DSRNRQ Y SUtSDGH SUHUXãHQLD SRGQLNDQLD NWRUp SUHGVWDYXMH NRQHþQ~ Ii]X
SURFHVX SRGQLNDQLD EROD VLWXiFLD Y
UDGRFK POiGHåH QD 6ORYHQVNX Y VOHGRYDQRP
REGREt UHODWtYQH VWDELOQi 3RGLHO MHGQRWOLYFRY NWRUt Y SRVOHGQêFK PHVLDFRFK
SUHUXãLOL UHVS ]DQHFKDOL SRGQLNDQLH NWRUp YODVWQLOL D YLHGOL VD GRVDKRYDO KRGQRW\
4,8% v roku 2011, 4,0% v roku 2012 a 4,1% v roku
0RåQR WHGD NRQãWDWRYDĢ
åH PHG]L
MHGQRWOLYFDPL YR YHNX Då URNRY V~ SULEOLåQH ãW\ULD NWRUt PDM~
VN~VHQRVĢ V SUHUXãHQtP SRGQLNDQLD 8YHGHQp KRGQRW\ V~ R QLHþR QLåãLH DNR
v
SUtSDGH FHONRYHM GRVSHOHM SRSXOiFLH DYãDN Y\ND]XM~ URYQDNê PHG]LURþQê YêYRM
=QDPHQi WR åH SUHUXãHQLH SRGQLNDQLD MH SULURG]HQRX V~þDVĢRX SRGQLNDWHĐVNHM
DNWLYLW\ EH] RKĐDGX QD YHNRY~ VNXSLQX
3RGQLNDWHĐVNi DNWLYLWD POiGHåH SRGĐD SRKODYLD
9 UiPFL KRGQRWHQLD SRGQLNDWHĐVNHM DNWLYLW\ POiGHåH PRåQR SULGDĢ ćDOãt
rozmer inkluzivi
W\ SRGQLNDQLD NWRUêP MH KRGQRWHQLD LQNOX]LYLW\ MHGQRWOLYêFK
SRKODYt WDEXĐND
).
7DEXĐND
4.4
3RGQLNDWHĐVNi DNWLYLWD POiGHåH SRGĐD SRKODYt QD 6ORYHQVNX
v
URNRFK Då
8ND]RYDWHĐ
SR 2013
SR 2012
SR 2011
0OiGHå
-
PXåL 7($
10,9%
15,4%
20,6%
0OiGHå
-
åHQ\ 7($
6,2%
10,1%
8,1%
Zdroj: Dáta GEM 2013, 2012 a 2011, vlastné spracovanie autorov