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x
The two groups of entrepreneurs that constitute the TEA, namely nascent and
new entrepreneurs are also declining, which is not surprising. The larger
decline was observed in the percentage of nascent entrepreneurs (6.6% in 2012,
down from 9.2% in 2011), although this number is, together with the Austrian
rate, the highest rate among V5 countries and Austria. A smaller decline
occurred in the percentage of new entrepreneurs (3.9% for 2012 and 5.3% for
2011). Poland recorded the highest percentage (4.6%) of new entrepreneurs
among the countries of V5 and Austria in 2012. Further comparison of Slovakia
with other V5 countries and Austria showed that a relatively large number of
nascent Slovak entrepreneurs do not continue in business, in other words they
do not pass into the category of new entrepreneurs, possibly because they are
deterred by initial entrepreneurial obstacles (the ratio between the nascent and
new entrepreneurs is 1.7). Only Austria has a lower ratio (1.9) between the two.
x
An analysis of the motivation to start a business (opportunity or necessity)
showed that in 2012, Slovakia had a high proportion of early-stage
entrepreneurial activity TEA out of necessity (35.6%), which significantly
increased compared to 2011 (27.6%). This is the second highest share among
V5 countries and Austria (the first place belongs to Poland, whose annual
development has the opposite trend to Slovakia - a significant decrease).
Slovakia also has the highest necessity-driven TEA among the countries whose
development is driven by innovation, and is well above the European average.
The necessity-driven TEA rate of Slovakia is at the level of the least developed
countries. It has been shown empirically that in countries with a high
proportion of TEA a less "sophisticated" type of entrepreneurship prevails.
x
In Slovakia, the dynamics of the second group of entrepreneurs belonging to
the total entrepreneurial activity, namely established entrepreneurs, is quite
similar to the dynamics in the early-stage entrepreneurial activity. In 2012
there was a decline in the percentage of established entrepreneurs in the
general population (from 9.6% in 2011 to 6.4% in 2012). This trend is also
reflected in our position among the V5 countries and Austria, where Slovakia
dropped from the first position in 2011 to third in 2012. A more pronounced
plunge is apparent in the European context, where Slovakia fell from the 3rd
position in 2011 to the 14th place in 2012.
x
An analysis of the relationship between the number of established
entrepreneurs and new entrepreneurs, which constitutes the survival rate
index, showed that in Slovakia, fewer new entrepreneurs survived and became
established (in 2011 this index was 1.8 and in 2012 it was 1.6). This value is
below the European average, and the third worst among the V5 countries and
Austria.
x
An analysis of the overall business activity (TEA plus established
entrepreneurs), showed that in Slovakia more people are starting a new
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